Restless Legs Syndrome Trial Screening
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11,043
Records identified from database searches
PubMed · OpenAlex · Europe PMC · Semantic Scholar
5,395 — excluded on title/abstract — not relevant
5,648
Full-text articles determined as eligible after AI screening
5,648
Full-text articles retrieved and screened
4,580 — excluded — not a treatment study
1,068
Treatment studies (human + preclinical) (displayed on this page)
0 — excluded — preclinical studies
1,036
Human studies
413 — excluded — case series / case reports
623
Human clinical trials
Non-randomized trial250
Randomized controlled trial197
Observational112
crossover64
+ 32 other / unclear study design
Treatment Studies by Study Design (n = 1,068)
ClinicalPreclinical
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Treatment Studies by Drug Class (n = 1,068)
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Treatment Studies by Prevention vs Treatment (n = 1,068)
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Most-Studied Compounds
416 distinct compounds across 1,019 treatment studies. The 99 compounds studied by two or more papers are shown below. Click a bar to filter the table below to that compound.
Studied by a single paper (317 compounds) — click a compound to filter the table below to its study.
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Clinical Trials by Phase (n = 485)
Interventional trials only (observational / preclinical excluded). Click a bar to filter the table below to that phase.
Showing 100 of 1,068 articles
| Reference | Drug Class | Drug | Study Design | Phase | Prevention / Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute low single dose of apomorphine reduces periodic limb movements but has no significant effect on sleep arousals: a preliminary report Haba-Rubio, J. et al.. Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology 33(4) 180-184. (2003) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | apomorphine | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 1 | Treatment |
| Dextromethorphan for Restless Legs Syndrome: Testing the Glutamate Theory Khalil, M. et al.. Cureus 18(3) e105315. (2026) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | dextromethorphan | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Long-term safety and efficacy of rotigotine transdermal patch for moderate-to-severe idiopathic restless legs syndrome: a 5-year open-label extension study Oertel, W. et al.. The Lancet Neurology 10(8) 710-720. (2011) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| Sternberg working memory performance following treatment with pramipexole in patients with moderate-to-severe restless legs syndrome Jung, K. et al.. Sleep Medicine 16(6) 703-708. (2015) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Ascertainment of Iron Depletion and Deficiency in Blood Donors Through Screening Questions for Pica and Restless Legs Syndrome. Bryant, B. et al.. Blood 120(21) 2283-2283. (2012) screened on abstract only | Iron | ferrous sulfate | Observational | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Symptom Persistence after Iron Normalization in Women with Restless Legs Syndrome Bang, Y. et al.. Psychiatry Investigation 15(4) 390-395. (2018) screened on abstract only | Iron | oral iron | Observational | — | Treatment |
| Restless Leg Syndrome in Peripheral Artery Disease: Prevalence among Patients with Claudication and Benefits from Low-Intensity Exercise Lamberti, N. et al.. Journal of Clinical Medicine 8(9) 1403. (2019) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | low-intensity exercise | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| The Effects of Aromatherapy on Sleep Quality in Diabetes Patients with Restless Leg Syndrome in Taiwan Yu, P. et al.. European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14(30) 371. (2018) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | aromatherapy | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Investigating Homeopathic Verum and Placebo Globules with UV Spectroscopy Klein, S. et al.. Complementary Medicine Research 20(4) 295-297. (2013) screened on abstract only | Other | calcium carbonate / quercus e cortice 6x | Other | — | Not Applicable |
| Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of XP13512/GSK1838262 in patients with RLS Kushida, C. et al.. Neurology 72(5) 439-446. (2009) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | xp13512 (gabapentin enacarbil) | RCT | Phase 2/3 | Treatment |
| Compromised Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome Zhang, Y. et al.. Nature and Science of Sleep Volume 16 431-443. (2024) screened on abstract only | Other | pramipexole and gabapentin | Observational | — | Treatment |
| Impact of aerobic physical exercise on Restless Legs Syndrome Esteves, A. et al.. Sleep Science 04(02) 045-048. (2011) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | aerobic exercise | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Treating Restless Legs Syndrome Was Associated With Low Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study With 3.4 Years of Follow‐Up Gao, X. et al.. Journal of the American Heart Association 10(4) e018674. (2021) screened on abstract only | Other | mixed rls treatments | Observational | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| An Overview of Levodopa in the Management of Restless Legs Syndrome in a Dialysis Population: Pharmacokinetics, Clinical Trials, and Complications of Therapy Janzen, L. et al.. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 33(1) 86-92. (1999) screened on abstract only | Levodopa | levodopa/carbidopa | Other | — | Treatment |
| Rate of augmentation and risk factors with long-term follow-up in Japanese patients with restless legs syndrome Tanioka, K. et al.. Neurological Sciences 39(9) 1559-1564. (2018) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | — | Observational | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| Clinical and electrophysiological impact of repetitive low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation on the sensory–motor network in patients with restless legs syndrome Lanza, G. et al.. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders 11 1756286418759973. (2018) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| A case of restless legs syndrome with cold sensation successfully treated with acupuncture and moxibustion treatment IIDA, A. et al.. Zen Nihon Shinkyu Gakkai zasshi (Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) 69(3) 210-216. (2019) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | acupuncture and moxibustion | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Medical Case Report on Repeat Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome with Intravenous Infusion of Iron Condon, K. et al.. Case Reports in Neurology 13(3) 578-583. (2021) screened on abstract only | Iron | ferric carboxymaltose | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome in subjects with a knee prosthesis: evidence that symptoms are generated in the periphery Pereira, J. et al.. Clinics 66(11) 1955-1959. (2011) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Observational | — | Not Applicable |
| Efficacy and safety of tonic motor activation (TOMAC) for medication-refractory restless legs syndrome: a randomized clinical trial Bogan, R. et al.. SLEEP 46(10) zsad190. (2023) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | tonic motor activation (tomac) | RCT | Phase 2/3 | Treatment |
| Effect of Oral Iron Administration on Mental State in Children With Low Serum Ferritin Concentration Mikami, K. et al.. Global Pediatric Health 6 2333794X19884816. (2019) screened on abstract only | Iron | oral iron | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Secondary overactive bladder with restless leg syndrome after cerebral infarction: report of 2 cases Cui, Y. et al.. Research Square 2(2) V1. (2024) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless-leg syndrome--possible unrecognized cause for insomnia and irritability in children Mohri, I. et al.. No to hattatsu = Brain and development 40(6) 473-7. (2008) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Evaluation of oral iron treatment in pediatric restless legs syndrome (RLS) Mohri, I. et al.. Sleep Medicine 13(4) 429-432. (2012) screened on abstract only | Iron | oral iron | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| D
-Ribose Benefits Restless Legs Syndrome Shecterle, L. et al.. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 14(9) 1165-1166. (2008) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | d-ribose | Crossover | — | Treatment |
| Pengaruh Latihan Peregangan Intradialitik terhadap Restless Legs Syndrome pada Pasien Hemodialisis Rogayah et al.. Jurnal Antara Keperawatan 482-486. (2022) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | intradialytic stretching exercise | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Acute Dopamine-Agonist Treatment in Restless Legs Syndrome: Effects on Sleep Architecture and NREM Sleep Instability Ferri, R. et al.. Sleep 33(6) 793-800. (2010) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| The effect of vitamin D on restless legs syndrome: prospective self-controlled case study Tutuncu, M. et al.. Sleep and Breathing 24(3) 1101-1106. (2020) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | vitamin d | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| The Effect of Sclerotherapy on Restless Legs Syndrome KANTER, A.. Dermatologic Surgery 21(4) 328-332. (1995) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | sclerotherapy | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome affecting the head region: “restless head syndrome” Balgetir, F. et al.. Neurological Sciences 43(4) 2565-2570. (2022) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | dopaminergic therapy | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Effect of Self-developed Ye’an Analgetic Decoction/Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction Combined with Tramadol on TCM Symptom Scores and RLS Severity of patients with Restless Legs Syndrome Zhou, B. et al.. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 40(5) 1017-1021. (2024) screened on abstract only | Opioid | tramadol | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Comparison of the effects of pramipexole and gabapentin on the treatment of restless leg syndrome in end-stage chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis Hajian, S. et al.. Journal of Nephropathology 9(3) e25-e25. (2020) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Efektifitas Akupresur Terhadap Derajat Restless Leg Syndrome Pada Pasien Yang Menjalani Hemodialisis Surya, D. et al.. JURNAL KESEHATAN PERINTIS (Perintis's Health Journal) 6(2) 104-109. (2019) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | acupressure | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| 0687 RLS Treatment Reduces Nighttime Agitation and Increases Sleep Duration in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease Richards, K. et al.. SLEEP 47(Supplement_1) A294-A295. (2024) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin enacarbil | RCT | Phase 3 | Treatment |
| 532 Two-Year Longitudinal Data From the National Restless Legs Syndrome Opioid Registry Winkelman, J. et al.. Sleep 44(Supplement_2) A209-A209. (2021) screened on abstract only | Opioid | — | Observational | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| The Effect of Gabapentin Enacarbil on Quality of Life and Mood Outcomes in a Pooled Population of Adult Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Primary Restless Legs Syndrome Avidan, A. et al.. CNS Drugs 30(4) 305-316. (2016) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin enacarbil | RCT | Phase 3 | Treatment |
| Evaluation of Gabapentin Enacarbil on Cardiac Repolarization: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Crossover Thorough QT/QTc Study in Healthy Adults Chen, D. et al.. Clinical Therapeutics 34(2) 351-362.e3. (2012) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin enacarbil | Crossover | Phase 1 | Not Applicable |
| Gabapentin Enacarbil in Restless Legs Syndrome Walters, A. et al.. Clinical Neuropharmacology 32(6) 311-320. (2009) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin enacarbil | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Restless Legs Syndrom: Therapie mit L-Dopa bzw. L-Dopa-Retardformen Schwarz, J. et al.. Aktuelle Neurologie 23(01) 26-29. (1996) screened on abstract only | Levodopa | levodopa | Other | — | Treatment |
| Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Gabapentin After Administration of Gabapentin Enacarbil Lal, R. et al.. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 53(1) 29-40. (2013) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin enacarbil | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 1 2 3 | Treatment |
| Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Response to Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Therapy Weinstock, L. et al.. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53(5) 1252-1256. (2008) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | rifaximin | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| The first case demonstrating marked amelioration of severe restless legs syndrome following treatment with the dopamine agonist dextroamphetamine sulfate Živić, K. et al.. International Journal of Clinical & Medical Case Studies 2(1). (2025) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | dextroamphetamine sulfate | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless Nocturnal Eating: A Common Feature of Willis-Ekbom Syndrome (RLS) Howell, M. et al.. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 8(4) 413-419. (2012) screened on abstract only | Other | dopaminergic agents and sedative-hypnotics | Case Series | — | Not Applicable |
| Effect of the antiplatelet agent cilostazol on endovascular inflammatory biochemical parameters and the clinical symptoms of peripheral artery disease and restless legs syndrome in hemodialysis patients Shiohira, S. et al.. Clinical and Experimental Nephrology 15(6) 893-899. (2011) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | cilostazol | Observational | — | Treatment |
| Pramipexole in the treatment of restless legs syndrome: a follow‐up study Montplaisir, J. et al.. European Journal of Neurology 7(s1) 27-31. (2000) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Aripiprazole Has Potential Efficacy for Antidepressant-induced Restless Legs Syndrome: A Case Series Nagai, Y. et al.. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 23(4) 728-732. (2025) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | aripiprazole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| 0796 Dipyridamole for the Treatment of RLS: Preliminary Results of a Cross-Over, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial Garcı́a-Borreguero, D. et al.. Sleep 43(Supplement_1) A303-A303. (2020) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | dipyridamole | Crossover | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| A randomized, double-blind, 6-week, dose-ranging study of pregabalin in patients with restless legs syndrome Allen, R. et al.. Sleep Medicine 11(6) 512-519. (2010) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | pregabalin | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| The effects of foot massage on hemodialysis patients’ sleep quality and restless leg syndrome: a comparison of lavender and sweet orange essential oil topical application Oshvandi, K. et al.. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine 18(4) 843-850. (2021) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | foot massage with lavender and sweet orange essential oils | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Gabapentin improved sensory and motor symptoms in the restless legs syndrome. Albanese, A. et al.. ACP journal club 139(1) 17. (2003) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin | Crossover | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| 0699 Longitudinal Assessment of Buprenorphine Effectiveness for Severe Restless Legs Syndrome and Dopaminergic Augmentation Berkowski, J. et al.. SLEEP 46(Supplement_1) A307-A308. (2023) screened on abstract only | Opioid | buprenorphine | Observational | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) in anemic patients with Congestive Heart Failure and Chronic Renal Failure: Lack of effect of anemia treatment Zilberman, M. et al.. International Journal of Cardiology 143(2) 205-207. (2010) screened on abstract only | Iron | intravenous iron | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Daytime symptoms of restless legs syndrome – clinical characteristics and rotigotine effectiveness Takahashi, M. et al.. Sleep Medicine 16(7) 871-876. (2015) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | RCT | Phase 3 | Treatment |
| Systematic assessment of autonomic symptoms in restless legs syndrome Chenini, S. et al.. Sleep Medicine 80 30-38. (2021) screened on abstract only | Other | — | Observational | — | Not Applicable |
| Open-label study of the long-term efficacy and safety of pramipexole in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (extension of the PRELUDE study) Partinen, M. et al.. Sleep Medicine 9(5) 537-541. (2008) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| Exacerbation of restless legs syndrome following amygdalohippocampectomy: A case report Eguchi, S. et al.. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports 3(2) e213. (2024) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Not Applicable |
| Effects of Whole‐Body Cryostimulation (−90°C) on Somnolence and Psychological Well‐Being in an Older Patient with Restless Legs Syndrome Kasmi, S. et al.. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being 12(2) 259-267. (2020) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | whole-body cryostimulation | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Therapeutic drug monitoring of gabapentin in various indications Burns, M. et al.. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 139(5) 446-454. (2019) screened on abstract only | Alpha2delta Ligand | gabapentin | Observational | — | Treatment |
| To determine the effect of parenteral iron in the management of symptoms related to restless leg syndrome in patients with iron deficiency anemia Khan, B. et al.. International Journal of Pathology 23(2) 80-84. (2025) screened on abstract only | Iron | ferric carboxymaltose | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of rotigotine transdermal system in healthy Japanese and Caucasian subjects following multiple-dose administration Cawello, W. et al.. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 41(4) 353-362. (2016) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 1 | Not Applicable |
| L-Dopa in Uremic Patients with the Restless Legs Syndrome Sandyk, R. et al.. International Journal of Neuroscience 35(3-4) 233-235. (1987) screened on abstract only | Levodopa | carbidopa/levodopa | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| 0665 Management Of Augmentation in Restless Legs Syndrome: Based On A 23 Subject Clinic Cohort Immen, R. et al.. Sleep 42(Supplement_1) A265-A265. (2019) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | dopamine agonist | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Improvement of Parasomnias After Treatment of Restless Leg Syndrome/ Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Children Gurbani, N. et al.. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 15(5) 743-748. (2019) screened on abstract only | Iron | oral iron | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Restless leg syndrome in spinal cord injury: case report McNamara, S. et al.. Spinal Cord Series and Cases 9(1) 19. (2023) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Preferential D2 or preferential D3 dopamine agonists in restless legs syndrome Manconi, M. et al.. Neurology 77(2) 110-117. (2011) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Gambling and Increased Sexual Desire With Dopaminergic Medications in Restless Legs Syndrome Driver-Dunckley, E. et al.. Clinical Neuropharmacology 30(5) 249-255. (2007) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | dopaminergic medications (pramipexole, ropinirole, levodopa) | Case Series | Phase 4 | Not Applicable |
| Cabergoline is an Effective Single-drug Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome: Clinical and Actigraphic Evaluation Zucconi, M. et al.. Sleep 26(7) 815-818. (2003) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | cabergoline | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| The modern treatment of the restless legs syndrome: Diagnostic and therapeutic options Stamenovic, J. et al.. Engrami 36(1-2) 91-107. (2014) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Effectiveness and Tolerability of Istradefylline for the Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome: An Exploratory Study in Five Female Patients DeCerce, J. et al.. Current Therapeutic Research 68(5) 349-359. (2007) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | istradefylline | Case Series | Phase 1/2 | Treatment |
| Effect of “He Tiao Du Ren An Shen Acupuncture” on restless leg syndrome: A randomized trial Guan, X. et al.. Medicine 103(39) e39926. (2024) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | acupuncture (he tiao du ren an shen) | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Teaching Video Neuro
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: Daytime sleepiness and automatic behavior due to severe restless legs syndrome Bonakis, A. et al.. Neurology 86(5) e54. (2016) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| The use of ropinirol ++ as a treatment for restless leg syndrome Estivill, E. et al.. Revista de neurologia 28(10) 962-3. (1999) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | ropinirole | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless Limbs Syndrome (RLS) Presenting as Hemisyndrome: A Case of Dejerine-Roussy Syndrome Responsive to Dopamine Agonists (P5.266) Dickoff, D.. Neurology 82(10_supplement). (2014) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | dopamine agonists (unspecified) | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Efficacy of pramipexole in restless legs syndrome: A six‐week, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind study (effect‐RLS study) Oertel, W. et al.. Movement Disorders 22(2) 213-219. (2007) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pramipexole | RCT | Phase 3 | Treatment |
| Use of Tramadol to Control Restless Legs Syndrome after Orthopedic Surgery Burns, K.. Hospital Pharmacy 35(6) 672-673. (2000) screened on abstract only | Opioid | tramadol | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Nocturnal subcutaneous apomorphine infusion in Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome Reuter, I. et al.. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 100(3) 163-167. (2009) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | apomorphine | Case Series | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| The primary restless legs syndrome pathogenesis depends on the dysfunction of EEG α activity Akpinar, S.. Medical Hypotheses 60(2) 190-198. (2003) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | lisuride | Other | — | Not Applicable |
| The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Restless Legs Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial Delshad, Z. et al.. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 12(3) 316-324. (2022) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | mindfulness-based stress reduction | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Case report: A new treatment for restless leg syndrome: three cases Li, Y. et al.. Frontiers in Neuroscience 18 1333188. (2024) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | stellate ganglion block | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome induced by citalopram: a psychiatric emergency? Nader, P. et al.. General Hospital Psychiatry 29(1) 72-74. (2007) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | bupropion | Case Series | — | Not Applicable |
| Rotigotine is effective for depressive symptoms accompanying periodic limb movement disorder or restless legs syndrome Miura, J. et al.. Sleep and Biological Rhythms 20(2) 315-317. (2022) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Effects of rotigotine on clinical symptoms, quality of life and sleep hygiene adequacy in hemodialysis-associated restless legs syndrome Esteve, V. et al.. Nefrología (English Edition) 38(1) 79-86. (2018) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome: prevention with Pycnogenol® and improvement of the venoarteriolar response BELCARO, G. et al.. Panminerva Medica 64(2) 253-258. (2022) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | pycnogenol | Non Randomized Trial | Phase 2 | Prevention |
| Periodic Leg Movements in Sleep with Restless Legs Syndrome: Effect of Clonazepam Treatment Horiguchi, J. et al.. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 46(3) 727-732. (1992) screened on abstract only | Benzodiazepine | clonazepam | Non Randomized Trial | — | Treatment |
| Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ferric carboxymaltose in restless legs syndrome patients with iron deficiency anemia Bae, H. et al.. Sleep Medicine 84 179-186. (2021) screened on abstract only | Iron | ferric carboxymaltose | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous iron dextran therapy in patients with ESRD and restless legs syndrome Sloand, J. et al.. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 43(4) 663-670. (2004) screened on abstract only | Iron | iron dextran | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Therapeutic effectiveness of thalidomide in a patient with treatment-resistant restless legs syndrome Salminen, A. et al.. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 16(10) 1815-1817. (2020) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | thalidomide | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Folate-Responsive Neurological and Mental Disorders: Report of 16 Cases Botez, M. et al.. European Neurology 16(1-6) 230-246. (2008) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | folic acid | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome and nocturnal myoclonus: initial clinical manifestation of familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Salvi, F. et al.. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 53(6) 522-525. (1990) screened on abstract only | Benzodiazepine | clonazepam | Case Series | — | Not Applicable |
| Long-term Safety, Dose Stability, and Efficacy of Opioids for Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome in the National RLS Opioid Registry Winkelman, J. et al.. Neurology 100(14) e1520-e1528. (2023) screened on abstract only | Opioid | opioids (low-dose) | Observational | Phase 4 | Treatment |
| Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pergolide in restless legs syndrome Earley, C. et al.. Neurology 51(6) 1599-1602. (1998) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | pergolide | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome effectively treated with constant-pressure predilution online hemodiafiltration Urabe, S. et al.. Journal of Artificial Organs 22(3) 253-255. (2019) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | constant-pressure predilution online hemodiafiltration | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Restless legs syndrome with augmentation successfully treated with IV iron LaBarbera, V. et al.. Neurology Clinical Practice 7(3) e26-e28. (2017) screened on abstract only | Iron | iv iron | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Hydrotherapy and acupressure in restless legs syndrome: results of a randomized, controlled, three-armed, pilot study (HYDRAC-study) Kubasch, J. et al.. Frontiers in Medicine 12 1571045. (2025) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | hydrotherapy and acupressure | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Patch application of the dopamine agonist rotigotine to patients with moderate to advanced stages of restless legs syndrome: A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled pilot study Stiasny-Kolster, K. et al.. Movement Disorders 19(12) 1432-1438. (2004) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Effect of dairy products fortified with vitamin d3 on restless legs syndrome in women with premenstrual syndrome, abdominal obesity and vitamin d deficiency: a pilot study Sharifan, P. et al.. BMC Women's Health 24(1) 434. (2024) screened on abstract only | Other Pharmacological | vitamin d3 | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Ai-Augmented Management of Pharmacoresistant Insomnia and Restless Legs Syndrome in Park2 Parkinson’s Disease: an N-Of-1 Case Report Integrating Pharmacogenetics, Chronopharmacology, Digital Monitoring, and an Llm Co-Pilot Cossu, G. et al.. Research Square 2(2) V1. (2026) screened on abstract only | Other | pramipexole, pregabalin, clonazepam combination | Case Series | — | Treatment |
| Rotigotine transdermal patch in moderate to severe idiopathic restless legs syndrome: A randomized, placebo-controlled polysomnographic study Oertel, W. et al.. Sleep Medicine 11(9) 848-856. (2010) screened on abstract only | Dopamine Agonist | rotigotine | RCT | Phase 3 | Treatment |
| Sleep improvement for restless legs syndrome patients. Part I: pooled analysis of two prospective, double-blind, sham-controlled, multi-center, randomized clinical studies of the effects of vibrating pads on RLS symptoms Burbank, F. et al.. Journal of Parkinsonism and Restless Legs Syndrome 1. (2013) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | vibrating pads | RCT | Phase 2 | Treatment |
| Therapeutic effect of high-efficiency online hemodiafiltration for recurrent restless legs syndrome in dialysis patients Sakurai, K. et al.. Journal of Artificial Organs 23(3) 296-301. (2020) screened on abstract only | Non Pharmacological | high-efficiency online hemodiafiltration | Case Series | — | Treatment |