Long Covid Clinical Trials
Last updated: June 24, 2026
Filter by Long Covid definition
Filter by trial type(144 of 775 trials selected)
Filter by symptom domain(144 of 775 trials selected)
By default a trial matches if any of its outcomes, primary or secondary, is tagged with a checked domain.
Filter by publication and journal
Trials by Intervention
Grouped by intervention type. Each rectangle is one trial coloured by result — hover for study details, click an intervention to filter the table below.
Favors treatmentFavors controlMixedNo significant differenceNo directional verdict (uncontrolled / underpowered)Result unknown
Exercise30 interventions · 33 trials
Rehabilitation24 interventions · 33 trials
Drug/Supplement22 interventions · 27 trials
Psychological12 interventions · 14 trials
Neurostimulation12 interventions · 14 trials
Respiratory Therapy5 interventions · 9 trials
Oxygen Therapy4 interventions · 9 trials
Other4 interventions · 6 trials
Antiviral1 interventions · 3 trials
Immunomodulator2 interventions · 2 trials
Device2 interventions · 2 trials
Traditional Medicine1 interventions · 1 trials
Trials by publication year
Trials by Long Covid definition
Meets WHO definition (≥12 weeks) (100%)
Below WHO threshold (0%)
Trial type
Trials by country
Trials by primary symptom domain
Blinding type vs. statistical significance
Open-label trials tend to report more positive results
Trial landscape
Intervention category × symptom domain (cell = number of trials)
| Cardiovascular | Cognitive | Dyspnea | Exercise Capacity | Fatigue | Functional | Mental Health | Olfactory | Other | Overall | Pain | Quality Of Life | Sleep | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antiviral | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | – | – | – |
| Device | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – |
| Drug/Supplement | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 4 | – |
| Exercise | – | – | 5 | 13 | 3 | – | 1 | – | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | – |
| Immunomodulator | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | – | – | – | – |
| Neurostimulation | – | 4 | – | – | 9 | – | 1 | – | 4 | 1 | 1 | – | 1 |
| Other | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | – | – |
| Oxygen Therapy | – | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | 2 | – | – | – |
| Psychological | – | 2 | – | – | 2 | 1 | 4 | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | – |
| Rehabilitation | – | 5 | 5 | 7 | 4 | – | 6 | – | 5 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 1 |
| Respiratory Therapy | – | – | 4 | 5 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | – |
| Traditional Medicine | – | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
All Trials
144 trials match
| Reference | Intervention | N | Primary Outcome | # Out | + Sig | − Ctrl | NS | Unk | Promise Score ↓ | Risk of Bias | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patricia et al., BMJ open respiratory research., 2022 | Inspiratory muscle training | 26 | Peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 11 | 7 | — | 1 | 3 | 3.5 | Some concerns | |
| Igor et al., British journal of sports medicine., 2023 | Exercise training | 50 | SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 20 | 5 | — | 9 | 6 | 3.5 | Some concerns | |
| Başak et al., BMC pulmonary medicine., 2026 | Inspiratory muscle strength training, Thoracic expansion exercises | 40 | Six-minute walk test distance (6-MWT, meters)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 15 | 10 | — | 5 | — | 3.5 | Some concerns | |
| Zeynal et al., Irish journal of medical science., 2025 | Exercise training | 64 | Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC)Favors control (p=0.001) | 6 | — | 5 | 1 | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Andrés et al., Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation., 2025 | Exercise training | 57 | Pain IntensityFavors control (p=0.001) | 15 | — | 8 | 7 | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Kelly et al., Brain stimulation., 2023 | tDCS | 70 | Fatigue severity - MFIS TotalFavors intervention (p=0.001) | 8 | 6 | — | 2 | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Christophe et al., Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine., 2023 | Exercise training | 60 | Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP) Total ScoreFavors intervention (p<0.001) | 8 | 6 | — | 2 | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Tanja et al., Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America., 2023 | CBT | 114 | Fatigue severity (CIS-fatigue subscale)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 8 | 8 | — | — | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Enya et al., The European respiratory journal., 2025 | Exercise training | 181 | Incremental Shuttle Walking Test distanceFavors intervention (p=0.002) | 15 | 1 | — | — | 14 | 3.0 | Low | |
| Musa et al., Healthcare., 2025 | Virtual reality rehabilitation | 79 | Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 7 | 3 | — | 4 | — | 3.0 | Low | |
| Adelina et al., Journal of clinical medicine., 2024 | Pulmonary rehabilitation | 61 | —— | 11 | 2 | — | 2 | 7 | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Tom et al., JAMA network open., 2024 | Cognitive rehabilitation | 314 | SF-36 Physical Function SubscaleFavors intervention (p=0.001) | 17 | 10 | — | 7 | — | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Howden et al., European heart journal., 2025 | Exercise training | 133 | Indexed peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 8 | 3 | — | 2 | 3 | 3.0 | Some concerns | |
| Yen-Wen et al., EClinicalMedicine., 2026 | UC-MSCs | 30 | —— | 14 | 10 | — | 4 | — | 2.8 | Some concerns | |
| Tamara et al., Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine., 2023 | Inspiratory muscle training, Breathing exercises | 88 | Health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L index)No sig. diff. | 11 | — | — | — | 11 | 2.6 | Low | |
| Nora et al., 2025 | Exercise training | 100 | Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 16 | 1 | — | — | 15 | 2.6 | Some concerns | |
| Tom et al., Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E., 2026 | Cognitive-behavioral outpatient rehabilitation program, Care as usual | 314 | SF-36 Physical Function Subscale (SF-36-PFS)No sig. diff. | 10 | — | — | — | 10 | 2.6 | Some concerns | |
| Gitendra et al., Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS., 2023 | CICT | 9 | Brain fog severity - Mental Clutter ScaleNo sig. diff. (p=0.05) | 3 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2.5 | High | |
| Orlova et al., Annals of the rheumatic diseases., 2022 | IHHT | 36 | —— | 7 | — | — | — | 7 | 2.5 | Some concerns | |
| Pooja et al., Journal of ayurveda and integrated medical sciences., 2025 | Vardhamana Pippali Rasayana with Mrudwika Sharkara | 110 | Fatigue severityFavors intervention (p=0.01) | 13 | 13 | — | — | — | 2.5 | Some concerns | |
| Soldatenko et al., Bulletin of Russian State Medical University, 2024 | Ozone therapy | 140 | —— | 9 | 9 | — | — | — | 2.5 | High | |
| Marine et al., Terapevticheskiĭ arkhiv., 2022 | Succinic acid complex with trimethylhydrazinium (Brainmax) | 160 | Asthenia scale MFI-20 score change (Visit 0 to Visit 5, primary endpoint)Significant (p=0.001) | 19 | — | — | — | 19 | 2.5 | Some concerns | |
| Polina et al., Terapevticheskiĭ arkhiv., 2023 | Succinic acid complex with trimethylhydrazinium (Brainmax) | 160 | Asthenia score (MFI-20)Significant (p=0.001) | 7 | 3 | — | 1 | 3 | 2.5 | Some concerns | |
| Andrii et al., Psychosomatic Medicine and General Practice, 2024 | Remote medical-psychological rehabilitation program | 248 | Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scoreNo sig. diff. (p=0.59) | 2 | — | — | 2 | — | 2.5 | High | |
| Rania et al., Biology of sport., 2024 | Pulmonary rehabilitation | 30 | 6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD) in metersFavors intervention (p=0.001) | 15 | 8 | — | 7 | — | 2.5 | Some concerns | |
| Zhuo et al., Clinical cardiology., 2025 | Neuromodulation | 57 | Change in heart rate from supine to 10-min stand (ΔHR)No sig. diff. (p=0.05) | 8 | — | — | — | 8 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Saher et al., Brazilian journal of physical therapy., 2025 | Exercise training | 80 | Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)Favors intervention (p=0.003) | 7 | 7 | — | — | — | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Shani et al., Scientific reports., 2022 | Hyperbaric oxygen therapy | 79 | Global cognitive scoreFavors intervention (p=0.04) | 21 | 9 | — | 12 | — | 2.3 | Low | |
| María et al., Scientific reports., 2025 | Mindfulness | — | Perceived StressFavors intervention (p=0.001) | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 2.3 | High | |
| Andreas et al., Scientific reports., 2024 | Exercise training | 174 | Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 10 | 6 | — | — | 4 | 2.3 | High | |
| Amaya et al., Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports., 2022 | Exercise training | 39 | Estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)Favors intervention (p=0.04) | 19 | 12 | — | 7 | — | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Diana et al., BMC complementary medicine and therapies., 2025 | Balneotherapy | 98 | Visual Analogue Scale for painFavors control (p=0.03) | 15 | — | 9 | 6 | — | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Giovanni et al., European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists., 2024 | L-arginine | 96 | Fatigue symptom severitySignificant (p=0.008) | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Ana et al., International journal of environmental research and public health., 2024 | Pilates | 70 | Total Fatigue ScoreSignificant (p=0.01) | 21 | 2 | — | 1 | 18 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Patrycja et al., Journal of clinical medicine., 2024 | Exercise training | 49 | Overall Stability Index - Eyes Open (OSI EO)Significant (p=0.002) | 14 | — | — | — | 14 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Katarzyna et al., Journal of clinical medicine., 2024 | Exercise training | 46 | Elbow Flexors Isometric Strength (N.m/kg)Favors intervention (p<0.001) | 15 | 5 | 1 | 9 | — | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Tichanon et al., Annals of geriatric medicine and research., 2025 | Exercise training | 60 | —— | 16 | — | 4 | — | 12 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Shiqian et al., Respiratory medicine., 2024 | IHHT | 98 | Six-Minute Walk DistanceSignificant (p=0.001) | 13 | — | — | — | 13 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Florent et al., American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 2025 | Inspiratory muscle training, Pulmonary rehabilitation | 40 | VO2peak (mL/kg/min)Significant (p=0.003) | 28 | — | — | — | 28 | 2.3 | Some concerns | |
| Emilie et al., Nature medicine., 2025 | Digital health intervention | 234 | Participant-selected dominant LC symptom score (standardized)Favors intervention (p<0.001) | 16 | 11 | — | 4 | 1 | 2.2 | Some concerns | |
| Gareth et al., BMJ : British medical journal, 2024 | Multidisciplinary rehabilitation | 585 | Health-related quality of life (PROMIS preference score)Favors intervention (p=0.02) | 5 | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | 2.2 | Some concerns | |
| Jens et al., American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine., 2024 | Inspiratory muscle training | 18 | Inspiratory muscle fatiguability (time to task failure)No sig. diff. (p=0.05) | 13 | 3 | — | 10 | — | 2.1 | Some concerns | |
| Alexander et al., Russian open medical journal : ROMJ., 2025 | Ozone therapy | 140 | Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levelSignificant (p=0.002) | 9 | — | — | — | 9 | 2.0 | Some concerns | |
| Tessa et al., BMJ open respiratory research., 2026 | Multimodal symptom-based inpatient rehabilitation programme, Usual care | 132 | Physical health-related quality of life (SF-12 PCS)Favors intervention (p=0.04) | 5 | 4 | — | — | 1 | 2.0 | Some concerns | |
| Angela et al., Advances in therapy., 2024 | Vortioxetine | 147 | QIDS-SR-16 total score (depressive symptoms)Favors intervention (p=0.001) | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 1.8 | High | |
| Jessie et al., Complementary therapies in medicine., 2022 | Longevity essential oil blend (thyme | 44 | Total fatigue score (MFSI)Favors intervention (p=0.02) | 7 | 7 | — | — | — | 1.8 | Some concerns | |
| Serena et al., Clinical medicine : journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London., 2024 | Balneotherapy | 30 | 6-Minute Walk Test distance— | 15 | — | — | — | 15 | 1.8 | Some concerns | |
| Ying et al., Blood., 2024 | UC-MSCs | 30 | Fatigue severity (Chalder Fatigue Scale, CFQ-11) - non-fatigue classification— | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 1.8 | Some concerns | |
| Bingqing et al., Trials., 2024 | Exercise training | 24 | Peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) in mL/kg/minFavors intervention (p=0.001) | 22 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 1.8 | Some concerns | |
| María et al., PloS one., 2026 | Exercise training | 20 | Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)Favors intervention (p=0.02) | 12 | 5 | — | 7 | — | 1.8 | Some concerns |